Inside: Velo saddle factory - James Huang / Immediate Media
Velo is an undisputed monster in the bicycle industry, cranking out upwards of 15 million saddles annually - all mid-range and above, and mostly for other brand names - James Huang / Immediate Media
Velo founder Stella Yu may be small in stature but she's a critical lynchpin to the bicycle industry. More than three decades after founding Velo in 1979, she still handles day-to-day operations at the company's primary facility in Taichung, Taiwan - James Huang / Immediate Media
Velo manufactures a truly staggering range of saddles. This is but a tiny, tiny selection of all the different off-the-shelf options available - James Huang / Immediate Media
Although Velo is primarily a contract manufacturer, it does have an interesting aftermarket range as well. The Velo Senso Miles VL boasts a claimed weight of under 100g with full carbon construction - James Huang / Immediate Media
Some of Velo's latest saddles feature details that look perfectly normal in daylight but light up at nighttime thanks to a layer of reflective microbeads on the surface - James Huang / Immediate Media
One of Stella Yu's pet projects is a saddle and post system for push bikes. It not only has a reassuringly grippy surface and hammock-like shape but it's also free of PVC plastics and the harmful chemical residues that sometimes go with them - James Huang / Immediate Media
Velo occupies a similarly dominating position in terms of handlebar tape. Chances are good that the stuff on your road bike right now was made by Velo in Taichung - James Huang / Immediate Media
Yu is rightfully proud of Velo's patent on gel-backed handlebar tape. If your favourite gel tape looks anything like this, Yu's company likely made it - James Huang / Immediate Media
Not surprisingly given the production volumes, the factory is continually taking delivery of raw materials - James Huang / Immediate Media
It's quite the process to turn fabric, foam, metal and plastic into a bicycle saddle - James Huang / Immediate Media
Huge racks of material are carefully stored and categorised - James Huang / Immediate Media
Velo goes through an incredible amount of foam - in ready-made sheets like this and in liquid form - James Huang / Immediate Media
Saddle cover materials are first cut into more manageable sheets - James Huang / Immediate Media
Dies punch out blanks of saddle cover material with the help of a hydraulic press. Watch those fingers! - James Huang / Immediate Media
Velo uses more than 6,000 different kinds of saddle cover materials - James Huang / Immediate Media
Velo keeps on hand a massive catalogue of saddle cover dies. This is just a tiny portion of the two levels of racks on the factory floor - James Huang / Immediate Media
Velo is a shining example of bicycle component manufacturing in Taiwan - James Huang / Immediate Media
Saddle rails are laser etched in a semi-automated process. Laser etching produces a small - but noticeable - amount of aluminium dust, which is sucked away by a vacuum - James Huang / Immediate Media
Water transfer decals and graphics are applied by hand - James Huang / Immediate Media
The next time see the graphics on the underside of your saddle shell, keep in mind that a pair of human hands put them there. Velo injection moulds most of its shell in-house too - James Huang / Immediate Media
Saddle rails first start out as huge coils of metal - James Huang / Immediate Media
Velo's production methods are constantly being updated. This older machine is used to straighten out and cut saddle rail blanks - the first step in the process - James Huang / Immediate Media
Some saddle rail blanks are still cut off by hand - James Huang / Immediate Media
This saddle rail production station uses three separate hydraulic presses to turn a straight rod into the final shape - James Huang / Immediate Media
Different saddle models often require their own set of dies and moulds, which adds up to an enormous catalog of tooling - James Huang / Immediate Media
Velo manufactures all of its tooling in house - James Huang / Immediate Media
Finished saddle rails are stacked up and then sent to the next stage of processing - James Huang / Immediate Media
Velo recently started using a fully robotic wire bender that spits out a finished set of rails from raw metal rod in just 10 seconds - James Huang / Immediate Media
Needless to say, Velo goes through a lot of these metal coils on its way to making 1.2 million saddles each month - James Huang / Immediate Media
Velo currently keeps on hand a huge number of dies for forming saddle rails, which need constant maintenance and replacement. With the new robotic bender, however, all of this will eventually be phased out in favour of computer programs - James Huang / Immediate Media
Velo wear-tests saddle covers and graphics in house - James Huang / Immediate Media
Quality control checks are conducted at multiple steps in the production process - James Huang / Immediate Media
Saddle cover graphics are screen printed in this room - James Huang / Immediate Media
Some covers require hand stitching - James Huang / Immediate Media
Saddle production requires a surprising amount of manual work - James Huang / Immediate Media
Saddle covers are inspected before going on to the next step - James Huang / Immediate Media
Saddles designated for OEM customers are simply packaged in these plastic crates, which will eventually make the round-trip journey to be refilled again - James Huang / Immediate Media
These finished saddles would shortly be loaded on to a truck for delivery to nearby bicycle assembly facilities - James Huang / Immediate Media
Crates are stacked up all over the factory - James Huang / Immediate Media
This bar code scanner is connected to Giant's nearby assembly facility. Saddle shipments are scanned at Velo's factory when they're about to head out the door so that Giant's production managers know when they're on their way - James Huang / Immediate Media
Yet another stack of crates - James Huang / Immediate Media
All of the various subassemblies are joined together at multiple mini-production lines - James Huang / Immediate Media
Velo uses a number of methods to manufacture saddles. In one of the more traditional ones, a finished cover is bonded to the underlying shell and foam padding by hand, with the help of a laser to ensure that it's installed straight - James Huang / Immediate Media
Edges have to be wrapped by hand in some cases - James Huang / Immediate Media
After gluing and stapling, extra material is trimmed by hand - James Huang / Immediate Media
Finishing bits are screwed on as required - James Huang / Immediate Media
Stella Yu says that Velo is staunchly committed to producing quality products - a goal aided by the company's quite extensive in-house test lab - James Huang / Immediate Media
Fatigue testing on saddles? Yep - James Huang / Immediate Media
Dimensional accuracy is one of the many things Velo checks on its saddles - James Huang / Immediate Media
This coordinate measuring machine (commonly referred to as a 'CMM') automatically traces the contours of a sample and then digitises the results for comparison - James Huang / Immediate Media
In one method of manufacturing, flat sheets of EVA foam are machined into a rough form (at right) and then heated in a mould to get the final shape - James Huang / Immediate Media
Velo uses multiple foam densities as needed - James Huang / Immediate Media
Velo's foam moulding and heating process yields remarkably precise dimensions - James Huang / Immediate Media
While the rail production process is soon to be replaced by a robotic bender, the main saddle assemblies still require moulds - and lots of them, depending on the size of the order - James Huang / Immediate Media
Considering the amount of tooling required to make saddles, much of the final retail pricing suddenly seems quite reasonable - James Huang / Immediate Media
Velo's most advanced production areas use a clever rotating carousel, surrounded by multiple workers that each perform specific tasks - James Huang / Immediate Media
While some saddles have shells, foam padding, and covers all bonded together in separate layers, others are made in a one-shot process using liquid foam that expands in a mould and instantly bonds some of the components together - James Huang / Immediate Media
Velo uses EVA and polyurethane foam padding depending on the application - James Huang / Immediate Media
Liquid polyurethane foam is injected into a mould - James Huang / Immediate Media
This is a far cry from how saddles were made just a few years ago - James Huang / Immediate Media
The inner surface of the saddle covers are also marked to provide visual cues to workers - where to apply glue, how to position it in the mould, and so on - James Huang / Immediate Media
Once the curing is complete and the mould is opened, what's left looks impressively close to being finished - James Huang / Immediate Media
The carousel uses a modular design, which means that multiple different saddle models can be produced at once - James Huang / Immediate Media
Multiple padding densities are injected with a remarkable degree of accuracy - James Huang / Immediate Media
Different foam types and densities are colour coded - James Huang / Immediate Media
While we were able to observe much of Velo's production processes, we weren't quite able to see everything - James Huang / Immediate Media
Excess cover material is trimmed by hand - James Huang / Immediate Media
Once the saddles are finished, sorted and packed, they're then loaded on to trucks for delivery to various bike company assembly facilities in the area - James Huang / Immediate Media
Stella Yu has often been referred to as the most powerful woman in the bike industry. Few riders have ever heard of her, however, and many haven't heard of Velo, the utterly dominating company she founded in 1979, and continues to run in a very much hands-on fashion.
And yet, chances are extremely high that the saddle you're riding right now was made in her factory, regardless of the name on the cover.
VIDEO
Velo saddle factory tour
Video: Velo saddle factory tour
Today, Velo manufactures saddles for essentially everyone and is the undisputed 800lb gorilla. And by everyone, we mean nearly 100 percent of every enthusiast-level saddle sold either aftermarket or OEM, with the exception of just a handful of upper-end models.
According to Yu, Velo made more than 15 million saddles in 2013 comprising an extraordinary amount of variety. That's enough to outfit everyadult-sized bicycle sold in the United States last year (through both bicycle shops and mass merchant channels), with nearly four million to spare.
Velo is an undisputed monster in the bicycle industry, cranking out upwards of 15 million saddles annually - all midrange and above, and mostly for other brand names: velo is an undisputed monster in the bicycle industry, cranking out upwards of 15 million saddles annually - all midrange and above, and mostly for other brand names
Regardless of what brand name is on your saddle, chances are high that it was made by Velo in Taichung, Taiwan
Moreover, Velo operates four factories in both Taiwan and mainland China, its engineers hold more than 60 patents, and the main facility alone employs 1,200 workers. Velo occupies a similar position in the bar tape and grip market, with four million sets of tape and 20 million pairs of grips made last year.
Even so, only a small number of cyclists have any idea that Velo is behind it all – and that's exactly how Yu likes it. Although Velo does have an aftermarket presence, the bulk of its business is contract manufacturing. Put another way, its goal is making other companies look good, with OEM saddles that don't just fill a line on a spec sheet but are actually comfortable to sit on, offer suitably high performance and look good.
Although velo is primarily a contract manufacturer, it does have an interesting aftermarket range as well. the velo senso miles vl boasts a claimed weight of under 100g with full carbon fiber construction: although velo is primarily a contract manufacturer, it does have an interesting aftermarket range as well. the velo senso miles vl boasts a claimed weight of under 100g with full carbon fiber construction
Velo does have an aftermarket line but most of its work is for others
Yu suggests the reasons for Velo's success are simple to understand: the factory delivers consistently high-quality product for a reasonable fee (and on time); its substantial in-house R&D group provides a wealth of development support for its clients; and the company deliberately makes the entire process easy for its customers – even adapting to modern just-in-time manufacturing practices for the countless nearby bicycle assembly facilities that Velo supports. Perhaps what was and is most important, she says, is good old-fashioned hard work.
"From my experience, the reason people continue to go to Velo is a combination of factors," said Giant's road product manager, Jon Swanson. "They are always pushing saddle manufacturing techniques and technologies, and at the same time they have always provided me with great service and competitive pricing. When you are thousands of miles away and your contact at any third party manufacturing house is always ready to help out and very quick to respond to any sort of inquiry, it significantly bolsters your confidence in that working relationship."
We recently toured Velo's primary factory in Taichung, about two hours south of Taipei. While we weren't allowed to quite see everything(Velo doesn't want to give away all of its secrets, after all), it's impossible to go through the facility and not be blown away by its scope and efficiency. Take a walk for yourself in the image gallery above, and see how the magic happens. We guarantee you'll never look at your bicycle saddle the same way ever again.
Velo recently started using a fully robotic wire bender that spits out a finished set of rails from raw metal rod in just ten seconds : velo recently started using a fully robotic wire bender that spits out a finished set of rails from raw metal rod in just ten seconds
For more information head over to www.velosaddles.com .